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Scottish or Scots units of measurement are the weights and measures peculiar to Scotland which were nominally replaced by English units in 1685 but continued to be used in unofficial contexts until at least the late 18th century. The system was based on the ell (length), stone (mass), and boll and firlot (volume). This official system coexisted with local variants, especially for the measurement of land area. The system is said to have been introduced by David I of Scotland (1124–53), although there are no surviving records until the 15th century when the system was already in normal use. Standard measures and weights were kept in each burgh, and these were periodically compared against one another at "assizes of measures", often during the early years of the reign of a new monarch. Nevertheless, there was considerable local variation in many of the units, and the units of dry measure steadily increased in size from 1400 to 1700.〔.〕〔.〕 The Scots units of length were technically replaced by the English system by an Act of the Parliament of Scotland in 1685,〔"(Act for a standard of miles )" (16 June 1685). ''APS'' viii: 494, c.59. ''RPS'' 1685/4/83.〕 and the other units by the Treaty of Union with England in 1706.〔(Union with England Act 1707 (c. 7) ), art. 17.〕 However many continued to be used locally during the 18th century. The introduction of the Imperial system by the Weights and Measures Act 1824 saw the end of any formal use in trade and commerce, although some informal use as customary units continued into the 20th century. "Scotch measure" or "Cunningham measure" was brought to parts of Ulster in Ireland by Ulster Scots settlers, and used into the mid-19th century. ==Length== ;ell : The ell ((ラテン語:ulna)) was the basic unit of length, equal to 37 inches.〔(Act of 11 March 1427 ), ''RPS'' 1427/3/2.〕 The "Barony ell" of 42 inches was used as the basis for land measurement in the Four Towns area near Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire.〔.〕 ;Scottish inch : As in England.〔 A fraudulent smaller inch of of an ell is also recorded.〔(Act anent the foot measure ) (29 September 1663), ''RPS'' 1663/6/81.〕 ;foot (fit) : 12 inches.〔〔 ;yard (yaird) : 36 inches.〔 Rarely used except with English units, although it appears in an Act of Parliament from 1432: "The king's officer, as is foresaid, shall have a horn, and each one a red wand of three-quarters of a yard at least."〔(Act of 10 March 1432 ), ''RPS'' 1432/3/12.〕 ;fall (faw) : 6 ells, or 222 inches. Identical to the Scots rod and ''raip'' ("rope").〔"fall, faw", ''Dictionary of the Scottish Language – Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue'' (online edition ).〕 ;Scots mile : 320 falls (1973⅓ yards), but varied from place to place. Obsolete by the 19th century.〔"mile", ''Dictionary of the Scottish Language – Scottish National Dictionary'' (online edition ).〕 The Royal Mile in Edinburgh is longer than an English mile (1760 yards) but roughly the length of a Scots mile. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scottish units」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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